Computer: 
In this century Computer has became a basic need of humans. When humans were putted on the earth that time basic needs were Food, Shelter and Clothes but now it is changed into Food, Shelter, Clothes, Computer, Mobile and Internet. If you don't have a computer with a internet connection you don't know the World. The fact is we use computer but we are unaware of its basic and necessary knowledge. In every field, Business, Profession, Job or Education computer is must. Sometimes you may have minor problem with your computer; because of unawareness you might not fix the problem; unfortunately you have to stop your important work, But if you are having certain knowledge about it, you may know where the problems is exactly, A Computer has it's own definition as defined below:

Commonly+Operated+Machine+Particularly+Used+Technical+Educational+Research
Computer is running because of two important parts: Hardware, Software, both are compulsory. .

Computer Hardware:  
All the components of the computer that can be touch with your hand it is called as Computer Hardware, It is a simple definition. All the components can be categorized as:

• External Hardware:

All the components that are connected out side of the CPU or cabinet like Monitor, Mouse, Keyboard, Printer and others are external hardware devices of computer.

1. Input Devices
2. Output Devices

As you all know the work of Keyboard and Mouse and these devices are called as Input Devices with help of keyboard and mouse you give command to computer, There are many other devices like finger print scanner.

All the devices which give us the output are output devices. Monitor gives the out on screen and Printer give the output at paper, Speaker give the output with the sound.

• Internal Hardware:

All the devices connected inside of cabinet on the Motherboard like Hard Disk, Central Processing Unit (CPU), Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Floppy Disk Drive, Sound Card, Graphic Card, C MOS Battery, CPU Fan are the Internal Hardware.

CPU: The Central Processing Unit is also called as the brain of computer, All the operation send to CPU and CPU proceed it, CPU is a square type component in which some small sticks are there which are made of pure gold because gold processes the data fast compare to other metals, If the computer processing slow then the problems is may be with CPU.

HDD: Hard Disk Drive is a storage device all the data saved in computer directly stored in Hard Disk. The first Hard Disk was made by IBM and its size was 5 MB. The stored memory can be measure in KB, MB, GB etc. If the log on screen getting stop the problems might be with HDD

Computer Memory Measurement

4 BITS =	1 NIBBLE
8BITS =	1BYTE
1024 BYTES =	1 KILO BYTE (KB)
1024 KB =	1 MEGA BYTE (MB)
1024 MB =	1 GIGA BYTE (GB)
1024 GB =	1 TERA BYTE (TB)
1024 TB =	1 PETA BYTE (PB)
1024 PB =	1 EXA BYTE (EB)
1024 EB =	1 ZETTA BYTE (ZB)
1024 ZB =	1 YOTTA BYTE (YB)

RAM: Random Access Memory is a device which holds the temporary memory, when you type in notepad or doing any other operation the operation needs some space to locate the path it stores in RAM. There are few types of RAM,SD RAM,DDR1 and DDR2. SD RAM is slow and the other two are faster than SD RAM DDR2 is fastest. If your computer beep continuously the problem is with RAM, Remove it clean it and insert it back to the slot; problem will be solved.

ROM: The reason it called Read Only Memory is the processor reads only data from the CD or DVD ROM is nothing but DVD ROM or CD ROM. If computer is not showing any DVD or CD in computer or not reading it, The fault should be with ROM.

FDD: Floppy Disk Drive is also a storage device but the data after it stored once another time can not be delete or store more data, One Floppy can be used once. Generally Floppy are not in used no one is using this component because Hard Disk is enough and better than Floppy.

Sound Card: It is a optional card that may be insert in the add on slots, This is used when the on board sound component is not working. You can connect more than one speaker with the help of sound card. Mostly this card is used to play games because the quality of sound in games is high.

Graphic Card: It is also a optional card and it may be insert in add on slots, Some software needs high video memory to take effects also used for gaming.

C MOS Battery: C MOS Battery saves the date and time when your computer is shut down.When you turn on your computer and if it shows any garbage time like 01-01-9999, It means there your computer's C MOS Battery is weak you have to replace it with a new one.

Computer Software:

Software is one part of computer, without software computer can not be run. It manages the computer resources and provides an interface between hardware and user, Software is directly responsible for helping user to solve the problems. A computer software is divided into two major categories, System Software and Application Software.

• System Software:

A system software is inbuilt in the computer that operates the computer and understand user's command and control the hardware components. System software is divided as: Operating system, System Support, System Development.

Operating System: The operating system is the most powerful software of the computer without operating system you can not run the Computer. Most used operating system is Windows and Macintosh, Windows is designed by Microsoft. The Macintosh is developed byApple, People are using Windows Operating system more than Mac. and it is installed on every computer. The Latest version of Windows isWindows 8. An operation system is assembled all the drivers and uses it whenever required as per user's command. If your computer getting restart automatically then the problem should be with operating system. It is very easy to install an operating system you will just need the original DVD of operating system.

System Support: The system support actually operates the hardware of the computer, it collects all the required drivers from the operating system and uses the correct driver where it required. Every hardware component of the computer needs driver without driver; hardware device won't be work, If your computer indicating the notification from the task bar that a new hardware found something like then it indicates you that some hardware component's driver is missing.

System Development: The system Development software converts program language into machine language. The computer can not understand the English or any other language it works on its particular language which consist only Zeroes and Ones something like this (0000011100011). The system development software provides a correct code in machine language.

• Application Software:

An Application Software is designed to help user to solve their problems, Application software is totally different with Operating System. Application Software run only after the installation of OS. Again there are two types of Application Software: General Purpose, Application Specified.

General Purpose:The General Purpose is the application which is already installed from OS in your computer Word Processor, Notepad, Paint, Calculator etc. are the General Purpose Software.

Application Specified: Application Specified are the software that a user install as requirement Music Player, Video Player, Anti Virus, Internet Browser, Photo Editor, Video Editor and all the other additional software are the Application Specified.

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Hardware And Software of Computer - The Best Article

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A computer's RAM (Random Access Memory) is the most important thing for it's speed. If you don't have enough RAM some of your programs will not work and your computer can get very slow or it can be automatically shutdown with a blue flash screen. This article will show you how to use USB flash drive or pen drive as RAM, Step by Step with photos with two different methods.

Method 1:

First you have to connect a USB flash drive to the computer, Make sure that your flash drive is empty if not then backup the data and format it.

Now right click on your pen drive and then click on "Properties".
Click on the "Ready Boost" tab it will look like the photo shown in below:

Then check on " Use this device" when you check some option will visible asking you how much memory do you want to reserve for memory boost and performance, So you have to select maximum memory free on your flash drive, Then click OK, And you are done. It will create "Ready Boost" cached file in your flash drive and it's size will be the memory you have selected in Ready Boost tab, Always remember that before removing the flash drive click on eject or safely remove flash drive, When you done just observe the computer speed and it will be increased.

Method 2:

One more option is there to increase computer's speed by increasing computer's virtual memory with the help of USB flash drive, So just follow the steps below and it will increase your computer's speed, You will see changes in shut down speed and when your computer is starting and in the visual effect.

Every one of us having a computer shortcut on our display/desktop if not click on start button you can see computer then right click on the computer select "Properties" when you will click on properties you will see something like shown in below image:

Then click on "Advanced system settings" again you will see a new window like:

Its already clicked on "Advance" tab if not then click on "Advance" tab you can see three settings in that tab click on performance setting as shown in the photo, After that one more window will appear "Performance Optimization" again click on "Advance" tab and you can see the Virtual memory option, Just click on "Change" see in below image:

After that a final window will open "Virtual Memory" as you can see in below image, It will be checked on "Automatically manage page file size for all drives" just unchecked it and some options will be visible that all the drives including your USB flash drive, Then click on the flash drive that you want to use, Then check on "Custom Size" after you checked choose the amount of size in Megabyte (MB) which should be free on your flash drive when you have selected the amount of size just click on "Set" then OK

You are done, A small message will appear on your display that the changes which you have made will take effect when you will restart your computer just click on OK and restart your computer.

You can increase your internet speed and brows fast in this post, How to increase internet speed

Note: Don't unplug your USB flash drive without changing the settings, Before removing the flash drive just change the setting which you have made follow the same steps to change the setting set it back default then click on eject or remove safely flash drive, If you don't change settings, Your computer will crash specially in Virtual Memory Option, Strictly change the setting if you are using the second method of Virtual Memory.

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How to Use USB Flash Drive as RAM - Increase Computer Performance And Speed

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How to Use USB Flash Drive as RAM - Increase Computer Performance And Speed

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Some old computers may have this problem that when user open their computer at start up they may unable to see the present date and time in computer. You have to change it every time when you start your computer and if you don't set it some program won't work correctly and you can not connect to internet until you set it. It is a very small problem and easy to solve no need to call technician you can do it yourself.
First know the problem its related with hardware of computer in CPU and the cause of problem is CMOS battery. Its job is to store the date and time when your computer is turned off. So you just have to replace it with the new one.
Open the cabinet cover and find out the CMOS battery on the motherboard as shown in the below image:

When you found it just carefully remove the battery and disconnect it with the motherboard. There must be a lock holding the battery so first just have a look at the battery frame holding the battery then press the lock and pick out the battery. Get the same new battery from any computer or watch shop and carefully place it on the motherboard as you removed.
Start your computer and set the correct time and you are done!
Now your problem will be solved and your computer's time will be updated.

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How to Repair Date And Time Problem in Computer

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